Emotional Intelligence in Leadership

By Rose O. Sherman, EdD, RN, NEA-BC, FAAN

I was recently presenting to a group of nurse leaders and asked the question about whether they had ever lost control of their emotions in front of their staff. Many in attendance had but one leader’s response really surprised me. She saw nothing wrong with displaying her anger because “this is who I am and people have to get used to it.” Her opinion was not shared by the group and certainly most leadership experts would say that ultimately this could be a significant career derailer for this manager. It is widely recognized today that EI or emotional intelligence may be a more important for leadership success than intelligence itself.

Although the concept of emotional intelligence has been written about since the early 1960s, it was popularized in 1995 by Daniel Goleman with the publication of his best selling book Emotional Intelligence. Emotional intelligence (EQ) is usually defined as self-mastery or the ability to understand and control what we feel (our emotions) and the way we act (our response to these emotions). It is about self-awareness, self-management, social-awareness and relationship management. These 4 components of EI can be define, as follows:

Self-awareness – You recognize your own emotions and how they affect your thoughts and behavior, know your strengths and weaknesses, and have self-confidence.
Self-management – You’re able to control impulsive feelings and behaviors, manage your emotions in healthy ways, take initiative, follow through on commitments, and adapt to changing circumstances.
Social awareness – You can understand the emotions, needs, and concerns of other people, pick up on emotional cues, feel comfortable socially, and recognize the power dynamics in a group or organization.
Relationship management – You know how to develop and maintain good relationships, communicate clearly, inspire and influence others, work well in a team, and amanage conflict.

The unfiltered response that this manager had to the question that was posed indicates that she lacked self-awareness, self-management, social awareness and an understanding of how her behavior impacts relationships. She is not alone in the need the strengthen her own emotional intelligence. Unfortunately, the management behaviors of nurse leaders who lack emotional intelligence can result in higher staff turnover, reduced engagement, poor relationships with other departments and an unhealthy work environment.

Developing our Emotional Intelligence

Although there are tools out there to assess your emotional intelligence, there are also ways that leaders can do this on their own. Here are 6 suggestions:

Seek Feedback on your behavior – this is hard to do at times but there is research to suggest that many of us do not have good barometers of how we are being received by others.
Evaluate all negative feedback and reactions to your behavior to look for evidence of where you may have problems with EI.
Self-reflect on how you have managed your emotions in highly charged situations with conflict– is there room for improvement?
Assess how you manage your stress level and whether this interferes with relationships with others.
Determine your EI strengths and weaknesses and develop a personal action plan.
Do cognitive rehearsals when confronted with difficult situations – assess in advance how you will manage if you are losing control of the situation.

To develop your emotional intelligence takes intentionality. Saying “this is just who I am” will not lead to growth. Instead when you do make mistake, step back and ask yourself what you will do differently in future situations. Remember – your leadership success is highly dependent on your level of emotional intelligence.

Reference

Goleman, D., (1995) Emotional Intelligence, New York, NY, England: Bantam Books, Inc.